Death by Chocolate: Yes! Chocolate can kill. But how much would kill you?

 Choco Yum Yum! Mathspig lervs chocolate. But did you know chocolate can kill you?

Chocolate contains a chemical called Theobromine. This alkaloid ( other alkaloids include cocaine, nicotine, caffeine, and strychnine) can kill humans. More info Wired Magazine.

How much chocolate is too much?

Firstly, the darker the chocolate the more Theobromine it contains.

According to About Chemistry based on the highest possible toxicity:

* Vetmedicine: Cooking chocolate contains 8-10 times the Theobromine in Milk Chocolate.

According to Wired large doses of theobromine may cause “nausea and anorexia ….. sweating, trembling and severe headache.”

The Royal Society of Chemistry notes that chocolate does not contain caffeine, but theobromine induces similar symptoms.

LD50 for the lethal dose for 50% of the population for Theobromine is:

1000 mg/kg 0r 1gm/kg of body weight in humans

Death by Chocolate Calculations:

1. FORMULA

2. GRAPH

3. Percentage

Death by Chocolate for DOGS

Chocolate can be fatal to dogs. As dogs are small they can easily eat enough chocolate to kill them. According to The Royal Society of Chemistry

The National Geographic has an amazing interactive chart for dog poisoning by chocolate.

Death by Chocolate for CATS

Chocolate contains a poison called Theobromine.

LD50 for  Theobromine for cats is 200mg.

LD = Lethal Dose. LD50= Lethal Dose for 50% of the population. Cats in this case. This is how poison toxicity is measured. 

According to The Royal Society of Chemistry, cats are hypersensitive to Theobromine but, as cats cannot taste sweetness, they are rarely poisoned.

Tennis Math: Is player height a BIG advantage? USA units

Metric version here.

The Australian Open is on at the moment in Melbourne in LOCKDOWN. (We have 1 community-acquired case. Tennis players are in a bubble.)

Is height a BIG advantage in tennis?

Here are the heights of 3 top seeds in the Australian  Open. (See graph below)

No. 1 Novak Djokovic    6ft 1″  (73 in)

No. 6 Alexander Zverev  6ft 6’   (78 in)

No. 8 Diego Schwartzman  5ft 7’  (67 in)

1. Does serve speed increase with height?

That would be an advantage. Here is a Height vs Serve Speed chart for the Top 6 seeds in the tournament:

Find serve speed data here.

There is NO CLEAR HEIGHT ADVANTAGE for serve speed.

2. Does the serve return rate increase with height?

Here is Diego Schwartzman (L) when he defeated Alexander Zverev (R ) in the 2019 US Open.

What is Schwartzman’s Super Power?

Schwartzman, the shortest player on the circuit (see graph above), tops the service returns stats. Highest 2nd serve return rate. Third highest 1st serve return rate. See data below. So agility, speed, and reaction times are also important factors in becoming a tennis star.

Go Schwartzee! Check data here.

Tennis Maths: Is player height a BIG advantage? Metric

USA units post here.

The Australian Open is on at the moment in Melbourne in LOCKDOWN. (We have 1 community-acquired case. Tennis players are in a bubble.)

Is height a BIG advantage in tennis?

Here are the heights of 3 top seeds in the Australian  Open. (See graph below)

No. 1 Novak Djokovic  188cm

No. 6 Alexander Zverev  198cm

No. 8 Diego Schwartzman  170cm

1. Does serve speed increase with height?

That would be an advantage. Here is a Height vs Serve Speed chart for the Top 6 seeds in the tournament:

Find serve speed data here.

There is NO CLEAR HEIGHT ADVANTAGE for serve speed.

2. Does the serve return rate increase with height?

Here is Diego Schwartzman (L) when he defeated Alexander Zverev (R ) in the 2019 US Open.

What is Schwartzman’s Super Power?

Schwartzman, the shortest player on the circuit (see graph above), tops the service returns stats. Highest 2nd serve return rate. Third highest 1st serve return rate. See data below. So agility, speed, and reaction times are also important factors in becoming a tennis star.

Go Schwartzee! Check data here.

Terrifying Tennis Maths: The Speed of Novak Djokovic’s serve. METRIC

USA units post here.

Novak Djokovic is the No. 1 Seed in the Australian Open 2021.

His fastest serve = 219 kph

Could you return his serve? Do the maths!!!!!!

The ball leaves Djokovic’s racket and hits the ground 0.31 secs later.

Go here to see why this simplified calculation works! 

Mathspig tested her reaction time here. TRY IT!

Mathspig’s best, best, best reaction time = O.33 sec

The fastest serve EVER was delivered by Australian Sam Groth @ 263 kph.

That serve takes 0.25 sec to land on the other side of the court.

Terrifying Tennis Math: The Speed of Novak Djokovic’s serve. USA units

METRIC post here.

Novak Djokovic is the No. 1 Seed in the Australian Open 2021.

His fastest serve = 136 mph

Could you return his serve? Do the math!!!!!!

The ball leaves Djokovic’s racket and hits the ground 0.30 secs later.

Go here to see why this simplified calculation works! 

Mathspig tested her reaction time here. TRY IT!

Mathspig’s best, best, best reaction time = O.33 sec

The fastest serve EVER was delivered by Australian Sam Groth @163.4 mph. That serve takes 0.25 sec to land on the other side of the court.

 

King Kong Power Punch 2021 USA units

Metric version here.

Silverback Gorilla stats here

Human anatomy weight % here.

Speed info here

Impact times for boxers here

Power comparisons here.

King Kong Power Punch 2021 … Metric

USA units version here.

Silverback Gorilla stats here

Human anatomy weight % here.

Speed info here

Impact times for boxers here

Power comparisons here.

Godzilla vs Kong 2021: do the math! … USA Units

METRIC version here.

This is the teaser trailer for the Godzilla vs Kong movie out in MAY, 2021. The voiceover is a poem by UK poet W. B. Yeats called The Second Coming.

The poem is a truly horrifying reflection on WW1.

What would happen if a middle school student grew as much as GODZILLA!!!!!!

Might need bigger chairs at school!!!

 The problem for the 2021 film Godzilla vs Kong is that Kong has never been as big as Godzilla even in the obscure 1962 Japanese movie King Kong vs Godzilla (below).

So either The Zilla will have to shrink or Kong will have to grow for the 2021 film.  BUT HOW MUCH should Kong grow? Remember Kong was still a teenager in Kong Skull Island (2017) so he was still growing.

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