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Archive for the ‘Area’ Category
When Area Calcs mean Big Bucks
August 25, 2022
WINTER OLYMPICS: How ski Jumpers Use Math to Increase their Jump Length
February 3, 2022
While air resistance has little impact on aerial skiers it is a significant factor used by ski jumpers to increase their jump distance.
The significant maths for ski jumpers is therefore X-section area.
Here is the jump at Pyeong Chang, 2018. Just imagine going down that at top speed!!!
A ski jumper is set to jump in Pyeongchang.
Casey Larson USA Pyeong chang 2018
Ski jumpers increase their speed going down the ramp by reducing their X-section area:
Lindsey Van, USA, practicing in a wind tunnel
Once they leave the ramp, ski jumpers try to increase their X-section area like Ski Divers to slow their vertical fall. But they have to land safely so they keep their skis at a minimum angle.
Abby Hughes, USA, practicing in a wind tunnel.
Abby Hughes, USA, in the air
Here are the X-section areas for Abby Hughes*:
Here is the formula for Air Resistance of Drag:
D = ½CApv2
Where C is the drag coefficient or constant, which depends on the shape and spin of an object. It is found by testing the object in a wind tunnel.
A is the X-section Area,
p is the density of the air and
v the velocity of the object.
More here.
As Abby Hughes has tripled her X-section area in the air, she will have tripled the vertical drag during her jump. This will slow here decent.
*Mathspig calculated the X-section area by the old fashioned method of counting squares and rounding off the final count. Mathspig sized the two pics of Abby Huges so that her head was the same size in both pictures.
Toilet Paper FUN FACTS Maths
June 1, 2021
Mathspig is in Melbourne, Australia. We’re in Lockdown. AGAIN!
And toilet paper has disappeared off the supermarket shelves. AGAIN.
So today we are doing maths based entirely on toilet paper using information from the Toilet Paper Fun Facts website. Yes! It exists here.
Toilet Paper Fun Facts Website
Protractor Wind Speed Calculator
POP UP ANS Q 1 & 2 Yr 7&8 Toilet Paper fun facts
Pythagoras Equation Diagram here
Here is the Sine Rule (Watch 1.5 mins)
Check sine curve here:
Listen to sine curve here:
20 Gobsmacklingly AMAZING numbers … Revisited
May 25, 2021… these nos. are amaaaazing but no one could find the answers in the earlier post.
………………………………………………………..
Click on the POP-UP answers under each question.
1. How many bristles in a toothbrush?
2. What % of Oxygen in the atmosphere comes from forests?
3. How loud was the loudest recorded human scream?
4. How many apples could kill an average-sized adult?
5. How many countries in Africa?
6. What happens when you Google this number, 241543903?
7. How many vertebrae in a giraffe’s neck?
8. What is the highest recorded wind speed?
9. What is the world record high-jump height for a guinea pig?
10. How many times does England fit into Australia?
11. How much did the most expensive dessert ever cost?
14. How many burgers does McDonalds sell a second worldwide?
16. How many times was the most frequently married person in the world, married?
17. Why is Zero Zero Zero like 123?
18. What is the world record for the greatest number of snorts in 10 seconds?
19. How long would it take to grow your hair to your feet?
20. What number causes the greatest loss of money in the world?
LINKS:
1. How many bristles in a toothbrush? HERE
2. What % of Oxygen in the atmosphere comes from forests? HERE
3. 3. How loud was the loudest recorded human scream? GOOGLE IT!
4. How many apples could kill an average-sized adult? HERE
5. 5. How many countries in Africa? GOOGLE IT!
6. What happens when you Google this number: 241543903? HERE
7. How many vertebrae in a giraffe’s neck? HERE
8. What is the highest recorded wind speed? HERE and HERE
9. What is the world record high-jump height for a guinea pig? GOOGLE IT!
10. How many times does England fit into Australia? GOOGLE IT!
11. How much did the most expensive dessert ever cost? GOOGLE AGAIN.
12. Why is 70 a weird number? HERE
13. Why Google Googol? HERE
14. How many burgers does McDonalds sell a second worldwide? HERE
15. If the population of the world spread across the USA , what area would we get each?
GOOGLE THE NUMBERS!
16. How many times was the most frequently married person in the world, married?
GOOGLE HIM.
17. Why is Zero Zero Zero like 123? HERE
18. What is the world record for the greatest number of snorts in 10 seconds? HERE
19. How long would it take to grow your hair to your feet? HERE
20. 20. What number causes the greatest loss of money in the world? HERE
20 AMAZING numbers
April 26, 2021… so amaaaazing you’ll have to check them for yourself!
POP UP ANSWERS … click on Q.
1. How many bristles in a toothbrush?
2. What % of Oxygen in the atmosphere comes from forests?
3. How loud was the loudest recorded human scream?
4. How many apples could kill an average-sized adult?
5. How many countries in Africa?
6. What happens when you Google this number, 241543903?
7. How many vertebrae in a giraffe’s neck
8. What is the highest recorded wind speed?
9. What is the world record high-jump height for a guinea pig?
10. How many times does England fit into Australia?
11. How much did the most expensive dessert ever cost?
14. How many burgers does McDonalds sell a second worldwide?
16. How many times was the most frequently married person in the world, married?
17. Why is Zero Zero Zero like 123?
18. What is the world record for the greatest number of snorts in 10 seconds?
19. How long would it take to grow your hair to your feet?
20. What number causes the greatest loss of money in the world?
LINKS:
1. How many bristles in a toothbrush? HERE
2. What % of Oxygen in the atmosphere comes from forests? HERE
3. 3. How loud was the loudest recorded human scream? GOOGLE IT!
4. How many apples could kill an average-sized adult? HERE
5. 5. How many countries in Africa? GOOGLE IT!
6. What happens when you Google this number: 241543903? HERE
7. How many vertebrae in a giraffe’s neck? HERE
8. What is the highest recorded wind speed? HERE and HERE
9. What is the world record high-jump height for a guinea pig? GOOGLE IT!
10. How many times does England fit into Australia? GOOGLE IT!
11. How much did the most expensive dessert ever cost? GOOGLE AGAIN.
12. Why is 70 a weird number? HERE
13. Why Google Googol? HERE
14. How many burgers does McDonalds sell a second worldwide? HERE
15. If the population of the world spread across the USA , what area would we get each?
GOOGLE THE NUMBERS!
16. How many times was the most frequently married person in the world, married?
GOOGLE HIM.
17. Why is Zero Zero Zero like 123? HERE
18. What is the world record for the greatest number of snorts in 10 seconds? HERE
19. How long would it take to grow your hair to your feet? HERE
20. 20. What number causes the greatest loss of money in the world? HERE
7. You can safely jump from a burning skyscraper/bridge/aircraft into water.
December 13, 2018
Angels and Demons (2009) Tom Hanks character, Robert Langdon, hero of Dan Brown’s jumps from a helicopter and falls thousands of feet into Rome’s Tiber River and survives, of course.
Ahhhh! Look up. It’s raining Tom Hanks!!!!!
The Hulk (2003) The Hulk hops from the Golden Gate bridge onto a jet fighter, whose pilot tries to get rid of him at high altitude. The Hulk falls off and plummets many thousands of feet into the bay. He survives.
There are 2 factors we must consider when jumping or diving from a great height:
1. Surface Impact
2.Water depth
1. Surface Impact
According to the Free Fall website falling into water is not a good survival strategy.
‘Someone falling without a parachute from more than 2,000 feet or so would be falling quite a bit faster than 100 miles per hour (161 kph) The folks who have survived falls into water have had streaming parachutes above them, which probably slowed their falls to the 60 mph range (97 kph). Having a streaming parachute helps in another way because it aligns the body in a position where the feet enter the water first.’
The website goes on to explain that water is an INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUID. It’s like landing on concrete. Landing in mud, on snow, on trees, on circus tents etc helps break the fall. Moreover, jumping off a bridge into turbulent sea may be safer than jumping into calm water.
On 24th Oct 1930, Vincent Kelly, 31, while working on the Sydney Harbour Bridge fell 170 ft (52 m) into Sydney Harbour and survived.
A champion diver he did several summersaults and landed feet first. He broke a couple of ribs as he did not enter the water at a perfect RIGHT ANGLE but rather a few degrees off perpendicular..
2. Water Depth
The next issue is, if you are going to dive or jump into water from a great height and, miraculously, survive the impact, how deep should the water be?
Olympic divers often practice their dives in a bubble pools (like a spa). This reduces the impact for a bad dive but the water must be much deeper. Sports Smart Canada recommends a water depth of double the height of the drop. But is this realistic if, say, you are jumping or diving from the top of a waterfall into aerated water. 
You can work out approximate depths needed if you were jumping into calm water from heights such as below:
How deep do you plunge? The answer is surprising because, in fact, you decelerate really fast in water.
See REd Bull Jump Science here
Thanks to Rod Vance for the Fluid Engineering Calcs (done by hand … not by computer program) for calculating the depth of water when your feet stop moving. That is the minimum depth of water needed for the jump (See graph below)
NOTE: Even with this fancy maths assumptions must be made about the transition epoch-half in/half out of the water.
Assuming you survive the impact and you breath out through your nose – to stop water going up your nostrils really fast- then you will not go any deeper than approx 4 m or 13 ft from a platform of 20 m (65 ft) or less.
If you’re diving into water from, say, a helicopter as in the Demons & Angels movie you don’t need extremely deep water. Assume Langdon was at 100m (328 ft) or the height of The Statue of Liberty(above) or a 33 story building when he jumped, then extrapolating the graph (above), maybe, a depth of 5m (16 ft) would do.
If you want to see what looking down from a 58.8 m (193 ft) platform looks like check out thisWorld Record Jump by Laso Schaller.
9. A single match or candle will light a room the size of a football stadium.
November 21, 2018
This is the rework of a previous post.
Action heroes such as Indiana Jones or even film kids like Tom Sawyer or The Goonies who go into a cave, anabandoned house, a crypt or a catacomb light the entire place with one match, one candle, a lighter or a cellphone
.
Is this real?
Now mathspigs, if you are interested in a career in stage/film lighting or even architecture you will need this maths.
60Watt light globe tells us how much power it uses. But some 60W globes are brighter than others. Light is measured with weird units.
USA uses Foot-candles. Can you imagine the pickup line ‘You brighten up my world like a footcandle’? A foot-candle is the brightness of a candle 1 foot away. Now think of a bubble around the candle. Brightness is mostly measured using one square foot or one square metre of that bubble:
1 LUMEN = 1 Footcandle/ft squared
1 LUX = 1 footcandle/m squared
Don’t get too hassled by these units. As a rough rule:
1 candle = 1 LUX
From graph you can see by 3m a Birthday Cake is not very bright even in a haunted house or crypt.
Challenge: Draw a graph of the brightness of your own Birthday Cake!
Big Challenge:Draw a graph of your Teacher’s Birthday Cake!!!!!! Ahhhh!!!!
We know:
1 candle = 1 LUX
Now compare the brightness of 1 candle to the brightness of other sources of light:
If you want sufficient light to live your everyday life you’d need:
80 candles just to go to the toilet!!!!!!
WINTER OLYMPICS: How ski Jumpers Use Math to Increase their Jump Length
February 16, 2018
While air resistance has little impact on aerial skiers it is a significant factor used by ski jumpers to increase their jump distance.
The significant maths for ski jumpers is therefore X-section area.
Here is the jump at Pyeong Chang, 2018. Just imagine going down that at top speed!!!
A ski jumper is set to jump in Pyeongchang.
Casey Larson USA Pyeong chang 2018
Ski jumpers increase their speed going down the ramp by reducing their X-section area:
Lindsey Van, USA, practicing in a wind tunnel
Once they leave the ramp, ski jumpers try to increase their X-section area like Ski Divers to slow their vertical fall. But they have to land safely so they keep their skis at a minimum angle.
Abby Hughes, USA, practicing in a wind tunnel.
Abby Hughes, USA, in the air
Here are the X-section areas for Abby Hughes*:
Here is the formula for Air Resistance of Drag:
D = ½CApv2
Where C is the drag coefficient or constant, which depends on the shape and spin of an object. It is found by testing the object in a wind tunnel.
A is the X-section Area,
p is the density of the air and
v the velocity of the object.
More here.
As Abby Hughes has tripled here X-section area in the air she will have tripled the vertical drag during her jump. This will slow here decent.
*Mathspig calculated the X-section area by the old fashioned method of counting squares and rounding off the final count. Mathspig sized the two pics of Abby Huges so that her head was the same size in both pictures.
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